What is required for someone to effectively withdraw from a crime such that they are not liable as an accomplice?

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Withdrawal from accomplice liability hinges on timely disavowal of the aid you gave and active steps to counteract it. The key is that you must repudiate the prior assistance and do everything possible to neutralize its effect, and you have to do this before the criminal plan advances to a point that cannot be stopped. When you meet that standard—disowning the aid, taking concrete steps to counteract it, and doing so before the chain of events is in motion and unstoppable—you’re not liable as an accomplice for that crime.

Informing authorities after the crime has occurred is too late because the aiding already occurred. Stopping the aid after the crime has started is generally not enough to remove liability, since the relationship between your aid and the ongoing offense persists. Confronting the principal and abandoning the plan during the crime might help in some cases, but the withdrawal must occur in a way that repudiates the assistance and neutralizes its effect before the offense becomes unstoppable.